Since the 1990s, new religion in Vietnam has become a critical issue. The recognition and attitude about it is still a hot debate subject, especially between researchers and social management people. In Japan, new religion flourished from the 1950s and it seems to have been matured. Despite of different time and circumstances of emerging, Vietnam and Japan’s new religions share remarkable similarities. For better understanding new religion trend in Vietnam today, the article analyzes and compares new religion phenomenon in Vietnam and Japan on certain aspects, namely appearance, reason of emerging, characteristics and social impacts.